Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: 30-Day Operative Morbidity Analysis in 1046 Patients

BACKGROUND To determine the rate and risk factors of three operative complications (renal failure, pneumonia, and sternal wound infection) within 30 days after isolated coronary artery bypass surgery. METHODS Medical records of 1,046 consecutive patients between the years 2005 and 2009 were reviewed. Demographic data and peri-operative information were collected and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analysis between different variables were performed. RESULTS Of all patients 3.6% developed pneumonia, 5.9% developed acute renal failure and 8.5% developed sternal wound infection. Independent predictors of acute renal failure were age > 65 years (P = 0.030), pre-operative renal impairment (P < 0.005), peripheral vascular disease (P = 0.005), emergency surgery (P = 0.043), blood transfusion (P = 0.002) mechanical ventilation > 12 hours (P < 0.005) and prolonged inotropic support (P = 0.035). Pneumonia independent predictors were female gender (P < 0.005), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.024), peripheral vascular disease (P = 0.012), emergency surgery (P = 0.007), blood transfusion (P = 0.001), mechanical ventilation > 12 hours (P = 0.005) and prolonged inotropic support (P < 0.005). Sternal wound infection independent predictors were diabetes mellitus (P = 0.017), intra- and post-operative blood transfusion (P < 0.005), and prolonged inotropic support (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Age, female gender, history of diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vascular disease, renal impairment, emergency surgery, per-operative blood transfusion, mechanical ventilation > 12 hours and prolonged inotropic support are associated with the 30-day complication after on-pump isolated coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.